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Sanki Engineering

Sanki Engineering 1961

三機工業
Sanki Engineering Co., Ltd.
Recent Updates
2022-05-17
Full-year FY03/22 flash update
2022-05-02
Announcement of downward revision in FY03/22 forecast and special dividend
2022-04-06
Q3 FY03/22 report update
Get in touch
8-1, Akashicho, Chuo-ku, Tokyo
https://www.sanki.co.jp/
03-6367-7084
Summary
Diversified Consumer ServicesMulti-UtilitiesWater Utilities
Key dates
2021-09-28
Coverage initiation
Full Report
2022-05-17
Full-year FY03/22 flash update
2022-05-17
Q3 FY03/22 flash update
2022-02-14
1H FY03/22 flash update
2021-11-15
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Executive summary

Business overview

Sanki Engineering operates mainly in the field of contracted HVAC (heating, ventilation, and air conditioning) and plumbing construction work for office buildings and manufacturing facilities. The company does not manufacture HVAC equipment; instead, it handles construction process design and manages contracted HVAC construction work. The company was founded in 1925 as a spinoff from former machinery department of Mitsui & Co., Ltd. and is now one of the four major HVAC construction firms in Japan, ranking third in terms of revenue (see below).

In FY03/21, the company recorded revenue of JPY190.1bn and gross profit of JPY28.8bn. The mainstay Facilities Construction business accounted for 81.8% of revenue and 80.9% of gross profit. Within the segment, contracted HVAC and plumbing work accounted for 62.8% of the segment revenue, while electrical systems work, which includes the construction and installation of lighting equipment and substation equipment, and facility systems work, which includes office building integration and relocation design work, together accounted for 19.0%. Among other segments, the Machinery Systems business, which manufactures systems for conveyance and material handling accounted for 4.7% of revenue and 5.4% of gross profit, the Environmental Systems business, which develops waste treatment equipment and systems, accounted for 12.4% of revenue and 11.0% of gross profit, and the Real Estate business accounted for 1.7% of revenue and 3.4% of gross profit. The company’s overseas business accounted for less than 2% of revenue.

The Facilities Construction business produced JPY155.5bn in revenue in FY03/21. In manufacturing, the top three client sectors were electrical machinery (17.3% of revenue), automobiles (10.7%), and chemicals (5.3%). In non-manufacturing, the top three client sectors were finance/insurance (14.4% of revenue), services and others (8.6%), and real estate (6.7%). The public sector accounted for 9.8% of revenue.

In terms of types of buildings and applications, office buildings, manufacturing facilities, and research facilities make up the majority of the company’s work. Of the JPY156.8bn in orders received by the Facilities Construction business in FY03/21, more than two-thirds came from these three sources, including JPY45.6bn for office buildings (29.1% of orders), JPY45.3bn for manufacturing facilities (28.9%), and JPY15.3bn for research facilities (9.8%). Public sector orders accounted for 10.6% of orders. On the other hand, public-sector orders accounted for about 80% of orders in the Environmental Systems business (FY03/21 revenue of JPY23.6bn), whose mainstay services are in industrial waste treatment systems and water supply and sewage systems.

Orders received are broken down into two categories, new construction orders (JPY86.0bn in FY03/21, 44.0% of total orders) and renewal construction orders (JPY109.6bn, 56.0%). New construction orders are secured through a process, with orders acquired through restricted bidding (only companies nominated by the client can participate in the bidding procedure) accounting for about 51.6% and those acquired through open bidding (any number of companies that meet the conditions set by the client can participate in the bidding procedure) accounting for about 48.4%. Compared to industry peers, Sanki Engineering has a high proportion of orders secured through restricted bidding in new construction orders, with the ratio for renewal orders also high.

The order value per construction project, including on new construction orders and renewal construction orders, can range from a few million yen to several billion yen, although more than a quarter of total orders are from projects valued at more than JPY1.0bn. While the total amount of orders received varies significantly from year to year, the overall trend is toward larger orders, i.e., those valued at JPY1.0bn or more.

On a non-consolidated basis in FY03/21, outsourcing costs accounted for 53.4% of completed construction costs, with material costs accounting for 27.0%, and other costs accounting for 19.6% (including personnel costs, which accounted for 8.7%). Material costs included HVAC, machinery, and piping costs. Outsourcing costs, which accounted for the majority of completed construction costs, included cost of orders placed with subcontractors (mainly personnel costs), but also in some cases costs associated with HVAC equipment purchased by the subcontractor. These ratios have not varied significantly from year to year, and gross profit at the company often fluctuates based on outsourcing costs.

In terms of facilities construction orders received in FY03/21 (mainly HVAC facilities work), the four largest recipients in the industry were Takasago Thermal Engineering (TSE1: 1969, orders of JPY281.6bn), Dai-Dan (TSE1: 1980, JPY176.5bn), Sanki Engineering (coming in third at JPY156.8bn), and Taikisha (TSE1: 1979, JPY135.5bn). These figures do not include coating systems orders at Taikisha or Plants & Machinery Systems business orders at Sanki Engineering.

GPM, the company’s key profitability indicator, stood at 15.1% on a company-wide basis in FY03/21. In contrast, GPM was 16.8% for Takisha, 13.6% for Dai-Dan, and 13.4% for Takasago Thermal Engineering. GPM on a most recent five-year and ten-year average was 14.7% and 13.1%, respectively, at the company, 15.6% and 14.8% at Taikisha, 13.1% and 12.2% at Dai-Dan, and 13.3% and 12.1% at Takasago Thermal Engineering. These figures put the company in second place behind Dai-Dan and ahead of industry leader Takasago Thermal Engineering. However, when looking at OPM on the same basis, the company ranks last among the big four, with five and ten-year averages of 4.3% and 3.2%, respectively (5.2% and 4.0% at Takasago Thermal Engineering, 5.7% and 5.2% at Taikisha, and 5.3% and 4.3% at Dai-Dan). Shared Research believes this is due to inefficiencies in SG&A spending, including in personnel expenses tied to indirect operations. However, the company’s FY03/21 OPM for HVAC operations alone was 4.9%, and its five and ten-year averages for the same were 5.0% and 3.5%, respectively, which are much closer to the averages at its industry peers.

The Plants & Machinery Systems business, which includes the Machinery Systems business and the Environmental Systems business, has posted positive gross profit on a sustained basis, but has also in the past booked segment losses (recurring profit/loss prior to adjustment) due to severe competition in securing orders and the company’s rather small size in comparison to industry peers. The Machinery Systems business is unique as it is the only one of the company’s manufacturing business (manufactures conveyors). The Environmental Systems business makes good use of the company’s technologies, and is seeing increased order volumes from local governments (CAGR of 7.9% over most-recent five years). Finally, the Real Estate business focuses mainly on the leasing and management of the company’s assets.

Earnings trends

In FY03/22, Sanki Engineering reported orders of JPY202.3bn (+3.4% YoY), sales of JPY193.2bn (+1.6% YoY), operating profit of JPY9.1bn (+21.5% YoY), recurring profit of JPY9.8bn (+19.8% YoY), and net income attributable to owners of the parent of JPY6.5bn (+10.0% YoY). EPS was JPY115.1. In addition to growth in sales and profit, GPM reached a historical high as profitability, a focus area for the company, continued to improve. The company plans to pay an annual dividend of JPY85.0 per share (JPY70.0 regular dividend and JPY15.0 special dividend). It paid an annual DPS of JPY80.0 in FY03/21 (JPY70.0 regular dividend, JPY10.0 special dividend). The dividend payout ratio including special dividend based on company forecast is 73.8% (77.6% in FY03/21).

The company forecast for FY03/23 calls for orders of JPY200.0bn (-1.1% YoY), sales of JPY200.0bn (+3.5% YoY), operating profit of JPY9.5bn (+4.3% YoY), recurring profit of JPY10.0bn (+1.9% YoY), and net income attributable to owners of the parent of JPY6.9bn (+6.3% YoY). EPS forecast is JPY123.7. The company expects sales to grow partly by working through its inventory backlog from FY03/22. It plans to pay a dividend of JPY70.0 per share for the year (FY03/22 forecast: JPY85.0). This represents a dividend payout ratio of 56.6% (73.8%) based on the company forecast, but it only includes regular dividends and does not incorporate a special dividend.

The company announced a medium-term business plan as Phase 3 of its “Century 2025” long-term vision, covering the final four years (FY03/23–FY03/26), on February 10, 2022. It aims to focus on strengthening existing businesses, rolling out its growth strategy, and sustainability management. In the final year (FY03/26), the company targets revenue of JPY220.0bn, GPM of 16.5%, and recurring profit of JPY12.0bn.
Sanki Engineering plans to develop new energy-saving and energy-creating technologies, a key area of strength, and strengthen its organization in its mainstay industrial HVAC operations, with a view to future growth.

Strengths and weaknesses

Shared Research believes the company’s strengths include: 1) high GPM supported by its industry-leading labor productivity; 2) track record in technological development in areas such as energy conservation and energy creation (substantiated by its high proportion of projects acquired through restricted bidding); and 3) its ability, unlike its industry peers, to secure a range of construction orders—HVAC and plumbing construction, electrical facilities construction, and data center-related construction—as a comprehensive service provider.

Shared Research believes the company’s weaknesses include: 1) slow progress in streamlining SG&A expenses, which leads to a low OPM compared to its peers; 2) low asset efficiency, which is contributing to lower ROE than at its peers; and 3) low profitability in the Plants & Machinery Systems business.

Key financial data


Income statementFY03/14FY03/15FY03/16FY03/17FY03/18FY03/19FY03/20FY03/21FY03/22FY03/23
(JPYmn) Cons.Cons.Cons.Cons.Cons.Cons.Cons.Cons.Cons.Est.
Revenue171,496179,598178,901168,512170,157212,314207,684190,067193,189200,000
YoY10.9%4.7%-0.4%-5.8%1.0%24.8%-2.2%-8.5%1.6%3.5%
Gross profit18,42317,96622,92922,53825,06031,68432,11028,75430,223-
YoY4.7%-2.5%27.6%-1.7%11.2%26.4%1.3%-10.5%5.1%-
Gross profit margin10.7%10.0%12.8%13.4%14.7%14.9%15.5%15.1%15.6%-
SG&A expenses15,60415,01516,41916,52618,46621,04621,43621,25521,110-
YoY2.7%-3.8%9.4%0.7%11.7%14.0%1.9%-0.8%-0.7%-
SG&A ratio9.1%8.4%9.2%9.8%10.9%9.9%10.3%11.2%10.9%-
Operating profit2,8182,9516,5096,0126,59310,63710,6747,4989,1129,500
YoY17.9%4.7%120.6%-7.6%9.7%61.3%0.3%-29.8%21.5%4.3%
Operating profit margin1.6%1.6%3.6%3.6%3.9%5.0%5.1%3.9%4.7%4.8%
Recurring profit3,1463,8098,1356,8807,43411,20411,2248,1969,81710,000
YoY17.4%21.1%113.6%-15.4%8.1%50.7%0.2%-27.0%19.8%1.9%
Recurring profit margin1.8%2.1%4.5%4.1%4.4%5.3%5.4%4.3%5.1%5.0%
Net income1,7632,4615,3274,6983,9069,0467,5765,9016,4896,900
YoY-39.6%116.5%-11.8%-16.9%131.6%-16.3%-22.1%10.0%6.3%
Net margin1.0%1.4%3.0%2.8%2.3%4.3%3.6%3.1%3.4%3.5%
Per-share data (split-adjusted; JPY)
Shares outstanding (ex. treasury shares; year-end; '000)69,66166,66166,66166,66163,66162,66160,66159,66159,661-
EPS (JPY)38.338.383.873.963.0150.0128.5103.1115.1123.7
EPS (fully diluted; JPY)26.538.383.773.762.8149.4127.9102.6114.6-
Dividend per share (JPY)15.020.030.030.035.060.095.080.085.070.0
Book value per share (JPY)1,142.71,334.71,328.61,350.11,419.81,502.51,510.61,611.81,685.2-
Balance sheet (JPYmn)
Cash and cash equivalents27,50829,26733,50041,18648,06544,61247,94539,08648,778
Total current assets115,941116,224115,491114,906122,901141,342130,765116,054125,742
Tangible fixed assets9,8789,2698,7158,84910,66214,32913,95713,97213,504
Intangible assets4363705335428136886799371,255
Investments and other assets43,92450,51744,68242,31442,63638,96135,40340,34843,106
Total assets170,181176,382169,423166,612177,014195,321180,805171,313183,609
Short-term debt6,6485,7525,8115,8127,0277,2666,8697,2688,979
Total current liabilities78,73672,10672,86368,77673,78791,31779,70567,88279,210
Long-term debt3631,0848264526,9795,5004,1423,734645
Total fixed liabilities16,52619,40612,00111,87517,03514,23213,73511,73110,121
Total liabilities95,26391,51284,86580,65190,822105,54993,44079,61489,331
Equity capital74,89284,80684,43785,81686,01289,54187,06291,41793,968
Total net assets74,91784,86984,55785,96186,19189,77287,36491,69994,278
Total interest-bearing debt7,0116,8366,6376,26414,00612,76611,01111,0029,624
Cash flow statement(JPYmn)
Cash flows from operating activities-9,403-1395,22010,8456,3066,78611,940-48318,529
Cash flows from investing activities-3,5063,4405,520-1,644-2,510-3,775-303-1,423-3,384
Cash flows from financing activities-4,152-2,901-1,826-2,4581,814-5,215-8,955-6,974-7,518
Financial ratios
ROA (RP-based)1.9%2.2%4.7%4.1%4.3%6.0%6.0%4.7%5.5%
ROE2.3%3.1%6.3%5.5%4.5%10.3%8.6%6.6%7.0%
Equity ratio44.0%48.1%49.8%51.5%48.6%45.8%48.2%53.4%51.2%
R&D expenses1,1711,0141,0911,0841,2891,4551,4381,472-
Capital expenditures5453958551,0153,7726,1102,1972,178-
Depreciation7407237237188181,3401,6431,700-
Source: Shared Research based on company data

Recent updates

Announcement of downward revision in FY03/22 forecast and special dividend

2022-05-02

On April 28, 2022, Sanki Engineering Co., Ltd. lowered its full-year guidance for FY03/22 earnings and raised its planned dividend payment, as detailed below.

The company lowered its full-year sales estimate to JPY193.2bn (versus JPY200bn previously) while reducing its operating profit estimate to JPY9.1bn (versus JPY9.5bn) and its recurring profit estimate to JPY9.8bn (versus JPY10.0bn). Despite the downward revision, the company sees improvement in profitability with its recurring profit margin now projected to come in at 5.1% (versus  previous estimate of 5.0%) and up nearly 0.8ppts versus the 4.3% recurring profit margin recorded in FY03/21.

The company also revised its dividend forecast. It now reflects an increase in the fiscal year-end dividend payment, as it added a special dividend of JPY15.0 per share on top of the regular dividend of JPY35.0 per share indicated previously. This brings the total dividend payment for the fiscal year end to JPY50.0 per share (versus fiscal year-end dividend of JPY45.0 per share the previous year). Combined with the interim dividend payment (JPY35.0 per share), brings total dividends paid by the company for FY03/22 to JPY85.0 per share (versus JPY80.0 in FY03/21). Including the special dividend payment, the dividend payout ratio for the year results to 73.9% (versus 77.6% in FY03/21).

NOTE:  The company plans to report consolidated results for FY03/22 on May 13, 2022. The company's full-year estimates for FY03/22 shown in this report reflect the company's guidance prior to this latest revision. Shared Research will update the remainder of this report after FY03/22 earnings are released.

Trends and outlook

Quarterly trends and results

CumulativeFY03/21FY03/22FY03/22
(JPYmn) Q1Q1-Q2Q1-Q3Q1-Q4Q1Q1-Q2Q1-Q3Q1-Q4% of Est.FY Est.
Revenue38,25380,864129,215190,06738,73784,070135,723193,18996.6%200,000
YoY-6.4%-12.0%-10.1%-8.5%1.3%4.0%5.0%1.6%5.2%
Gross profit5,12010,75718,17228,7544,66111,05819,95930,22397.5%31,000
YoY-3.5%-18.3%-11.9%-10.5%-9.0%2.8%9.8%5.1%7.8%
Gross profit margin13.4%13.3%14.1%15.1%12.0%13.2%14.7%15.6%15.5%
SG&A expenses5,27410,25115,31521,2554,94010,03215,00921,11098.2%21,500
YoY5.8%2.8%1.8%-0.8%-6.3%-2.1%-2.0%-0.7%1.2%
SG&A ratio13.8%12.7%11.9%11.2%12.8%11.9%11.1%10.9%10.8%
Operating profit-1545052,8567,498-2781,0254,9499,11295.9%9,500
YoY--84.2%-48.9%-29.8%-103.0%73.3%21.5%26.7%
Operating profit margin-0.6%2.2%3.9%-1.2%3.6%4.7%4.8%
Recurring profit668423,3708,196-131,3105,5449,81798.2%10,000
YoY-87.9%-76.0%-45.2%-27.0%-55.6%64.5%19.8%22.0%
Recurring profit margin0.2%1.0%2.6%4.3%-1.6%4.1%5.1%5.0%
Net income118212,4695,901-358633,6846,48992.7%7,000
YoY-97.4%-67.0%-42.6%-22.1%-5.1%49.2%10.0%18.6%
Net margin0.0%1.0%1.9%3.1%-1.0%2.7%3.4%3.5%
QuarterlyFY03/21FY03/22
(JPYmn) Q1Q2Q3Q4Q1Q2Q3Q4
Revenue38,25342,61148,35160,85238,73745,33351,65357,466
YoY-6.4%-16.4%-6.7%-4.9%1.3%6.4%6.8%-5.6%
Gross profit5,1205,6377,41510,5824,6616,3978,90110,264
YoY-3.5%-28.3%-0.6%-7.8%-9.0%13.5%20.0%-3.0%
Gross profit margin13.4%13.2%15.3%17.4%12.0%14.1%17.2%17.9%
SG&A expenses5,2744,9775,0645,9404,9405,0924,9776,101
YoY5.8%-0.3%0.0%-7.1%-6.3%2.3%-1.7%2.7%
SG&A ratio13.8%11.7%10.5%9.8%12.8%11.2%9.6%10.6%
Operating profit-1546592,3514,642-2781,3033,9244,163
YoY--77.0%-1.9%-8.7%-97.7%66.9%-10.3%
Operating profit margin-1.5%4.9%7.6%-2.9%7.6%7.2%
Recurring profit667762,5284,826-131,3234,2344,273
YoY-87.9%-73.7%-4.4%-4.9%-70.5%67.5%-11.5%
Recurring profit margin0.2%1.8%5.2%7.9%-2.9%8.2%7.4%
Net income118101,6483,432-358982,8212,805
YoY-97.4%-60.6%-9.2%4.8%-10.9%71.2%-18.3%
Net margin0.0%1.9%3.4%5.6%-2.0%5.5%4.9%
Source: Shared Research, based on company materials
Note: Figures may differ from those presented in company materials due to rounding differences.
CumulativeFY03/21FY03/22FY03/22
(JPYmn) Q1Q1-Q2Q1-Q3Q1-Q4Q1Q1-Q2Q1-Q3Q1-Q4% of Est.FY Est.
Orders47,660103,236146,447195,58056,02396,506145,794202,250101.1%200,000
YoY2.1%2.3%-3.0%0.8%17.5%-6.5%-0.4%3.4%2.3%
Facilities Construction38,06282,902119,201156,76838,02269,196110,828160,504102.2%157,000
YoY10.4%4.1%-2.4%-0.6%-0.1%-16.5%-7.0%2.4%0.1%
HVAC and Plumbing for Buildings14,23533,15345,52065,37113,88926,81439,808--63,000
YoY9.3%1.0%-5.5%5.3%-2.4%-19.1%-12.5%--3.6%
Industrial HVAC18,05434,55349,03259,23411,22821,94740,648--57,000
YoY63.4%20.2%10.8%1.4%-37.8%-36.5%-17.1%--3.8%
Electrical Systems3,1259,80216,64921,47210,75615,39322,532--25,000
YoY-58.2%-19.6%-18.2%-14.1%244.2%57.0%35.3%-16.4%
Facility Systems2,6455,3937,99810,6902,1475,0417,838--12,000
YoY-9.4%-8.7%-14.2%-12.2%-18.8%-6.5%-2.0%-12.3%
Machinery Systems2,0164,2686,1697,8583,0964,9727,1348,91474.3%12,000
YoY-10.7%-22.1%-25.2%-24.1%53.6%16.5%15.6%13.4%52.7%
Environmental Systems7,06615,04919,41228,71014,39321,33126,25930,640105.7%29,000
YoY-25.2%0.8%1.1%18.4%103.7%41.7%35.3%6.7%1.0%
Real Estate5821,1791,7772,3755951,1971,8002,410100.4%2,400
YoY10.9%12.3%9.2%7.5%2.2%1.5%1.3%1.5%1.1%
Other133274432609128275399563112.6%500
YoY-31.8%-15.4%-9.2%-33.6%-3.8%0.4%-7.6%-7.6%-17.9%
Adjustments-200-438-545-742-213-467-628-782-900
Backlog orders at end of period145,569158,534153,395141,676158,962154,112151,747150,737
YoY-6.5%-0.2%-2.3%4.0%9.2%-2.8%-1.1%6.4%
QuarterlyFY03/21FY03/22
(JPYmn) Q1Q2Q3Q4Q1Q2Q3Q4
Orders47,66055,57643,21149,13356,02340,48349,28856,456
YoY2.1%2.5%-13.6%14.0%17.5%-27.2%14.1%14.9%
Facilities Construction38,06244,84036,29937,56738,02231,17441,63249,676
YoY10.4%-0.8%-14.5%5.7%-0.1%-30.5%14.7%32.2%
HVAC and Plumbing for Buildings14,23518,91812,36719,85113,88912,92512,994
YoY9.3%-4.4%-19.5%42.6%-2.4%-31.7%5.1%
Industrial HVAC18,05416,49914,47910,20211,22810,71918,701
YoY63.4%-6.7%-6.6%-27.9%-37.8%-35.0%29.2%
Electrical Systems3,1256,6776,8474,82310,7564,6377,139
YoY-58.2%41.2%-16.1%4.0%244.2%-30.6%4.3%
Facility Systems2,6452,7482,6052,6922,1472,8942,797
YoY-9.4%-7.9%-23.8%-5.4%-18.8%5.3%7.4%
Machinery Systems2,0162,2521,9011,6893,0961,8762,1621,780
YoY-10.7%-30.1%-31.3%-19.8%53.6%-16.7%13.7%5.4%
Environmental Systems7,0667,9834,3639,29814,3936,9384,9284,381
YoY-25.2%45.6%2.3%84.1%103.7%-13.1%12.9%-52.9%
Real Estate582597598598595602603610
YoY10.9%13.7%3.5%2.7%2.2%0.8%0.8%2.0%
Other133141158177128147124164
YoY-31.8%9.3%3.9%-59.9%-3.8%4.3%-21.5%-7.3%
Adjustments-200-238-107-197-213-254-161-154
Backlog orders at end of period145,569158,534153,395141,676158,962154,112151,747150,737
YoY-6.5%-0.2%-2.3%4.0%9.2%-2.8%-1.1%6.4%
Source: Shared Research, based on company materials
Note: Figures may differ from those presented in company materials due to rounding differences.
QuarterlyFY03/21FY03/22FY03/22
(JPYmn) Q1Q2Q3Q4Q1Q2Q3Q4% of Est.FY Est.
Revenue38,25342,61148,35160,85238,73745,33351,65357,46696.6%200,000
YoY-6.4%-16.4%-6.7%-4.9%1.3%6.4%6.8%-5.6%5.2%
Facilities Construction32,22035,58738,53249,16231,82035,24541,71246,70796.6%161,000
YoY-7.1%-18.3%-8.1%-4.2%-1.2%-1.0%8.3%-5.0%3.5%
HVAC and Plumbing for Buildings10,84711,76714,05618,62310,79212,36718,924-66,000
YoY-28.9%-32.1%-16.0%-13.2%-0.5%5.1%34.6%19.4%
Industrial HVAC14,28815,06715,50019,29713,95614,60313,359-58,000
YoY4.9%-12.6%-11.2%-0.7%-2.3%-3.1%-13.8%-9.6%
Electrical Systems5,0686,3726,2037,2985,0375,9966,749-25,000
YoY28.0%8.2%8.9%15.0%-0.6%-5.9%8.8%0.2%
Facility Systems2,0162,3812,7723,9442,0342,2792,680-12,000
YoY8.0%-23.1%34.0%-3.5%0.9%-4.3%-3.3%8.0%
Machinery Systems2,2622,1972,1582,3562,1922,7602,5762,13896.7%10,000
YoY-13.0%-18.4%-16.6%-28.3%-3.1%25.6%19.4%-9.3%11.4%
Environmental Systems3,2984,3127,1038,8474,1206,7596,9338,03095.7%27,000
YoY4.9%1.0%3.1%-1.2%24.9%56.7%-2.4%-9.2%14.6%
Real Estate582597598598595602603610100.4%2,400
YoY10.9%13.7%3.5%2.7%2.2%0.8%0.8%2.0%1.1%
Other170196201245114143135174113.2%500
YoY-27.0%-6.7%23.3%-24.6%-32.9%-27.0%-32.8%-29.0%-38.4%
Adjustments-280-277-242-359-106-176-307-192-900
Gross profit5,1205,6377,41510,5824,6616,3978,90110,26497.5%31,000
YoY-3.5%-28.3%-0.6%-7.8%-9.0%13.5%20.0%-3.0%7.8%
Gross profit margin13.4%13.2%15.3%17.4%12.0%14.1%17.2%17.9%15.5%
Facilities Construction4,2864,7535,3678,8473,7824,9627,395
YoY-2.4%-32.1%-5.0%1.2%-11.8%4.4%37.8%
Gross profit margin13.3%13.4%13.9%18.0%11.9%14.1%17.7%
HVAC and Plumbing for Buildings, Industrial HVAC, Electrical Systems4,1034,2724,9237,7403,5264,6236,799
YoY-1.2%-33.4%-7.5%0.2%-14.1%8.2%38.1%
Gross profit margin13.6%12.9%13.8%17.1%11.8%14.0%17.4%
Facility Systems1834804441,108255339597
YoY-23.8%-17.8%35.4%8.8%39.3%-29.4%34.5%
Gross profit margin9.1%20.2%16.0%28.1%12.5%14.9%22.3%
Machinery Systems427280364485331488560
YoY-21.1%-38.7%-31.6%-38.3%-22.5%74.3%53.8%
Gross profit margin18.9%12.7%16.9%20.6%15.1%17.7%21.7%
Environmental Systems2484071,4781,043313746843
YoY119.5%49.1%33.4%-42.7%26.2%83.3%-43.0%
Gross profit margin7.5%9.4%20.8%11.8%7.6%11.0%12.2%
Real Estate232211242181259245220
YoY20.8%67.5%36.0%2.3%11.6%16.1%-9.1%
Gross profit margin39.9%35.3%40.5%30.3%43.5%40.7%36.5%
Other41228574147
YoY-95.7%-60.0%33.3%3.6%0.0%16.7%-75.0%
Gross profit margin2.4%6.1%13.9%23.3%3.5%9.8%5.2%
Adjustments-78-27-63-31-29-59-122
Recurring profit667762,5284,826-131,3234,2344,27398.2%10,000
YoY-87.9%-73.7%-4.4%-4.9%-70.5%67.5%-11.5%22.0%
Recurring profit margin0.2%1.8%5.2%7.9%0.0%2.9%8.2%7.4%5.0%
Facilities Construction2415541,5795,303236313,8204,351
YoY-66.5%-81.0%-28.4%30.8%-90.5%13.9%141.9%-18.0%-
Recurring profit margin0.7%1.6%4.1%10.8%0.1%1.8%9.2%9.3%-
Machinery Systems-55-217-113-8-7431107-257
YoY---------
Recurring profit margin-2.4%-9.9%-5.2%-0.3%-3.4%1.1%4.2%-12.0%-
Environmental Systems-613-389647375-527-6430745
YoY--86.5%-57.6%---95.4%98.7%-
Recurring profit margin-18.6%-9.0%9.1%4.2%-12.8%-0.9%0.4%9.3%-
Real Estate20919823014025224520992
YoY34.0%127.6%38.6%-2.8%20.6%23.7%-9.1%-34.3%-
Recurring profit margin35.9%33.2%38.5%23.4%42.4%40.7%34.7%15.1%-
Other-91741-9-1-925
YoY--50.0%-30.0%-22.6%----39.0%-
Recurring profit margin-5.3%0.5%3.5%16.7%-7.9%-0.7%-6.7%14.4%-
Adjustments294630177-1,02732148277-685
Source: Shared Research, based on company materials
Note: Figures may differ from those presented in company materials due to rounding differences.
Trend by ordersFY03/21FY03/22
Quarterly (JPYmn)Q1Q2Q3Q4Q1Q2Q3Q4
Orders (Facilities Construction alone)36,35642,80734,86935,24635,93829,56338,985
YoY14.4%0.2%-13.3%8.5%-1.1%-30.9%11.8%
Indirect orders13,90022,23713,39614,01113,1058,92112,513
YoY51.7%122.8%-19.7%12.9%-5.7%-59.9%-6.6%
Orders (cons.)47,66055,57643,21149,13356,02340,48349,28856,456
YoY2.1%2.5%-13.6%14.0%17.5%-27.2%14.1%14.9%
Overseas construction orders7366294161,0089898071,750
YoY4.5%-2.9%-36.4%-11.3%34.4%28.3%320.7%
Renewal construction orders26,22327,32227,17828,86222,89126,73233,683
YoY-11.8%-12.1%-3.0%19.9%-12.7%-2.2%23.9%
Renewal construction revenue18,81421,09926,98334,25120,29725,50528,672
YoY-11.0%-22.5%-4.1%-9.2%7.9%20.9%6.3%
Source: Shared Research, based on company materials
Note: Figures may differ from those presented in company materials due to rounding differences.

FY03/22 results (out May 13, 2022)

Full-year FY03/22 earnings overview

Full-year FY03/22 (April 2021–March 2022) results were as follows.

  • Orders: JPY202.3bn (+3.4% YoY, initial company forecast JPY200.0bn)
  • Sales: JPY193.2bn (+1.6% YoY, JPY200.0bn)
  • Gross profit: JPY30.2bn (+5.1% YoY, JPY31.0bn)
    • GPM: 15.6% (+0.5pp YoY, 15.5%)
  • Operating profit: JPY9.1bn (+21.5% YoY, JPY9.5bn)
  • Recurring profit: JPY9.8bn (+19.8% YoY, JPY10.0bn)
    • RPM: 5.1% (+0.8pp YoY, 5.0%)
  • Net income attributable to owners of the parent: JPY6.5bn (+10.0% YoY, JPY7.0bn)

EPS was JPY115.1. The company plans to pay a year-end dividend of JPY50.0 per share (JPY35.0 regular dividend, JPY15.0 special dividend) for an annual DPS of JPY85.0 (JPY70.0 regular dividend, JPY15.0 special dividend). It paid an annual DPS of JPY80.0 in FY03/21 (JPY70.0 regular dividend, JPY10.0 special dividend). The dividend payout ratio including special dividend based on company forecast is 73.8% (77.6% in FY03/21).

On April 28, 2022, the company revised its full-year FY03/22 earnings forecast. Figures above are from the initial forecast announced on May 14, 2021, prior to revision.

While sales and profit grew, they fell short of the initial forecast. The shortfall was primarily due to sales coming in below expectations, while orders exceeded the initial forecast. However, on the profitability front, a focus for the company, GPM and recurring profit margin increased YoY and came in above the initial forecast. GPM reached a new historical high (previous peak was 15.5% in FY03/20). Profitability improved on higher sales in the mainstay Facilities Construction business, as well as in Machinery Systems and Environmental Systems and other factors.

Q4 earnings overview (January–March, three months)

The most recent Q4 FY03/22 (January-March 2022) results were as follows.

  • Orders: JPY56.5bn (+14.9% YoY)
  • Sales: JPY57.5bn (-5.6% YoY)
  • Gross profit: JPY10.3bn (-3.0% YoY)
    • GPM: 17.9% (+0.5pp YoY)
  • Operating profit: JPY4.2bn (-10.3% YoY)
  • Recurring profit: JPY4.3bn (-11.5% YoY)
    • RPM: 7.4% (-0.5pp YoY)
  • Net income attributable to owners of the parent: JPY2.8bn (-18.3% YoY) 

On a quarterly (three-month) basis, sales fell YoY for the first time in four quarters and recurring profit declined YoY for the first time in three quarters. While orders were up nearly 15% YoY, sales fell. Profit from the operating line downward declined on lower sales, but profitability continued to improve with GPM up 0.5pp YoY.

Shared Research plans to update this report following an upcoming earnings briefing and interviews with management.

FY03/23 company forecast (out May 13, 2022)

FY03/21FY03/22FY03/23
(JPYmn) 1H2HFull year1H2HFull year1H Est.2H Est.FY Est.
Revenue80,864109,203190,06784,070109,119193,189200,000
YoY-12.0%-5.7%-8.5%4.0%-0.1%1.6%3.5%
Gross profit10,75717,99728,75411,05819,16530,223
YoY-18.3%-5.0%-10.5%2.8%6.5%5.1%
Gross profit margin13.3%16.5%15.1%13.2%17.6%15.6%
SG&A expenses10,25111,00421,25510,03211,07821,110
YoY2.8%-4.0%-0.8%-2.1%0.7%-0.7%
SG&A ratio12.7%10.1%11.2%11.9%10.2%10.9%
Operating profit5056,9937,4981,0258,0879,1129,500
YoY-84.2%-6.5%-29.8%103.0%15.6%21.5%4.3%
Operating profit margin0.6%6.4%3.9%1.2%7.4%4.7%4.8%
Recurring profit8427,3548,1961,3108,5079,81710,000
YoY-76.0%-4.8%-27.0%55.6%15.7%19.8%1.9%
Recurring profit margin1.0%6.7%4.3%1.6%7.8%5.1%5.0%
Net income8215,0805,9018635,6266,4896,900
YoY-67.0%-0.2%-22.1%5.1%10.7%10.0%6.3%
Net margin1.0%4.7%3.1%1.0%5.2%3.4%3.5%
Source: Shared Research, based on company materials
Note: Figures may differ from those presented in company materials due to rounding differences.

Summary of company forecast

The company released its earnings forecast for FY03/23 as shown below.

  • Orders: JPY200.0bn (-1.1% YoY)
  • Sales: JPY200.0bn (+3.5% YoY)
  • Operating profit: JPY9.5bn (+4.3% YoY)
  • Recurring profit: JPY10.0bn (+1.9% YoY)
    • RPM: 5.0% (-0.1pp YoY)
  • Net income attributable to owners of the parent: JPY6.9bn (+6.3% YoY) 

EPS forecast is JPY123.7. The company plans to pay a dividend of JPY70.0 per share for the year (FY03/22 forecast: JPY85.0). This represents a dividend payout ratio of 56.6% (73.8%) based on the company forecast, but it only includes regular dividends and does not incorporate a special dividend.

The company expects sales to grow partly by working through its inventory backlog and orders received during the year. It forecasts orders of JPY200.0bn (-1.1% YoY).

Shared Research plans to update this report following an upcoming earnings briefing and interviews with management.

By segmentFY03/13FY03/14FY03/15FY03/16FY03/17FY03/18FY03/19FY03/20FY03/21FY03/22
(JPYmn)Act.Act.Act.Act.Act.Act.Act.Act.Act.Est.
Orders165,800168,295173,398183,270185,880191,113217,096194,018195,580200,000
YoY-5.4%1.5%3.0%5.7%1.4%2.8%13.6%-10.6%0.8%2.3%
Facilities Construction136,144143,838150,032152,432146,612153,443182,533157,659156,768157,000
YoY0.9%5.7%4.3%1.6%-3.8%4.7%19.0%-13.6%-0.6%0.1%
HVAC and Plumbing for Buildings68,47674,92170,77866,17265,76362,27465,63962,09565,37163,000
YoY6.4%9.4%-5.5%-6.5%-0.6%-5.3%5.4%-5.4%5.3%-3.6%
Industrial HVAC39,82839,87046,76552,52249,82358,90782,72958,39159,23457,000
YoY-11.4%0.1%17.3%12.3%-5.1%18.2%40.4%-29.4%1.4%-3.8%
Electrical Systems19,10319,32823,21522,66721,57622,67523,34225,00021,47225,000
YoY4.7%1.2%20.1%-2.4%-4.8%5.1%2.9%7.1%-14.1%16.4%
Facility Systems8,7359,7189,27211,0709,4509,58510,82112,17110,69012,000
YoY18.9%11.3%-4.6%19.4%-14.6%1.4%12.9%12.5%-12.2%12.3%
Machinery Systems10,8178,4825,71610,3098,13012,10012,04910,3517,85812,000
YoY15.6%-21.6%-32.6%80.4%-21.1%48.8%-0.4%-14.1%-24.1%52.7%
Environmental Systems16,62315,02916,76719,61030,62624,24721,70524,24728,71029,000
YoY-42.3%-9.6%11.6%17.0%56.2%-20.8%-10.5%11.7%18.4%1.0%
Real Estate2,7471,0771,2851,5321,5921,7551,9262,2102,3752,400
YoY-2.7%-60.8%19.3%19.2%3.9%10.2%9.7%14.7%7.5%1.1%
Other-583481524491587960917609500
YoY---17.5%8.9%-6.3%19.6%63.5%-4.5%-33.6%-17.9%
Adjustments-533-717-884-1,139-1,573-1,020-2,078-1,367-742-900
Source: Shared Research, based on company materials
Note: Figures may differ from those presented in company materials due to rounding differences. 

By segmentFY03/13FY03/14FY03/15FY03/16FY03/17FY03/18FY03/19FY03/20FY03/21FY03/22
(JPYmn)Act.Act.Act.Act.Act.Act.Act.Act.Act.Est.
Revenue154,658171,496179,598178,901168,512170,157212,314207,684190,067200,000
YoY4.5%10.9%4.7%-0.4%-5.8%1.0%24.8%-2.2%-8.5%5.2%
Facilities Construction128,626143,697151,169149,952141,567139,688179,300171,501155,501161,000
YoY11.8%11.7%5.2%-0.8%-5.6%-1.3%28.4%-4.3%-9.3%3.5%
HVAC and Plumbing for Buildings--72,37164,49260,37663,78271,55870,75655,29366,000
YoY----10.9%-6.4%5.6%12.2%-1.1%-21.9%19.4%
Industrial HVAC--47,01552,08449,44046,55673,49367,73664,15258,000
YoY---10.8%-5.1%-5.8%57.9%-7.8%-5.3%-9.6%
Electrical Systems--21,88422,95821,54220,65323,21421,88924,94125,000
YoY---4.9%-6.2%-4.1%12.4%-5.7%13.9%0.2%
Facility Systems--9,89710,41610,2088,69511,03311,11911,11312,000
YoY---5.2%-2.0%-14.8%26.9%0.8%-0.1%8.0%
Machinery Systems6,5019,8469,9539,2178,1929,25411,79111,1698,97310,000
YoY-39.9%51.5%1.1%-7.4%-11.1%13.0%27.4%-5.3%-19.7%11.4%
Environmental Systems17,14517,16917,48518,73418,27119,90920,47123,26123,56027,000
YoY-13.5%0.1%1.8%7.1%-2.5%9.0%2.8%13.6%1.3%14.6%
Real Estate2,7471,0771,2851,5321,5921,7551,9262,2102,3752,400
YoY-2.7%-60.8%19.3%19.2%3.9%10.2%9.7%14.7%7.5%1.1%
Other-607508542499578718931812500
YoY---16.3%6.7%-7.9%15.8%24.2%29.7%-12.8%-38.4%
Adjustments-362-902-803-1,077-1,611-1,030-1,893-1,389-1,158-900
Gross profit17,59018,42317,96622,92922,53825,06031,68432,11028,75431,000
YoY-3.5%4.7%-2.5%27.6%-1.7%11.2%26.4%1.3%-10.5%7.8%
Gross profit margin11.4%10.7%10.0%12.8%13.4%14.7%14.9%15.5%15.1%15.5%
Facilities Construction-----19,12225,59025,78123,253-
YoY------33.8%0.7%-9.8%-
Gross profit margin-----13.7%14.3%15.0%15.0%-
HVAC and Plumbing for Buildings, Industrial HVAC, Electrical Systems-----17,65623,71223,61021,038-
YoY------34.3%-0.4%-10.9%-
Gross profit margin-----13.5%14.1%14.7%14.6%-
Facility Systems-----1,4651,8772,1702,215-
YoY------28.1%15.6%2.1%-
Gross profit margin-----16.8%17.0%19.5%19.9%-
Machinery Systems-----1,7492,1362,3161,556-
YoY------22.1%8.4%-32.8%-
Gross profit margin-----18.9%18.1%20.7%17.3%-
Environmental Systems-----3,6663,6223,3143,176-
YoY-------1.2%-8.5%-4.2%-
Gross profit margin-----18.4%17.7%14.2%13.5%-
Real Estate-----543567673866-
YoY------4.4%18.7%28.7%-
Gross profit margin-----30.9%29.4%30.5%36.5%-
Other-----192178200101-
YoY-------7.3%12.4%-49.5%-
Gross profit margin-----33.2%24.8%21.5%12.4%-
Adjustments------213-411-176-199-
Recurring profit2,6803,1463,8098,1356,8807,43411,20411,2248,19610,000
YoY18.2%17.4%21.1%113.6%-15.4%8.1%50.7%0.2%-27.0%22.0%
Recurring profit margin1.7%1.8%2.1%4.5%4.1%4.4%5.3%5.4%4.3%5.0%
Facilities Construction1,1963,2602,9437,6986,4046,0109,9059,8937,677-
YoY-172.6%-9.7%161.6%-16.8%-6.2%64.8%-0.1%-22.4%-
Recurring profit margin0.9%2.3%1.9%5.1%4.5%4.3%5.5%5.8%4.9%-
Machinery Systems-1,119-287105275-138-40238320-393-
YoY---161.9%---34.5%--
Recurring profit margin--1.1%3.0%--2.0%2.9%--
Environmental Systems689-2324-3156715753122020-
YoY-21.6%-----14.3%-45.7%-93.6%--
Recurring profit margin4.0%-0.1%0.1%-1.7%3.7%2.9%1.5%0.1%0.1%-
Real Estate1,305147207233189476471553777-
YoY-2.0%-88.7%40.8%12.6%-18.9%151.9%-1.1%17.4%40.5%-
Recurring profit margin47.5%13.6%16.1%15.2%11.9%27.1%24.5%25.0%32.7%-
Other-63485222495213140-
YoY---23.8%8.3%-57.7%122.7%6.1%151.9%-69.5%-
Recurring profit margin-10.4%9.4%9.6%4.4%8.5%7.2%14.1%4.9%-
Adjustments608-13479191-27036222330574-
Source: Shared Research, based on company materials
Note: Figures may differ from those presented in company materials due to rounding differences. 

Company forecasts versus results

Results vs. Initial Est.FY03/14FY03/15FY03/16FY03/17FY03/18FY03/19FY03/20FY03/21FY03/22FY03/23
(JPYmn) Cons.Cons.Cons.Cons.Cons.Cons.Cons.Cons.Cons.Cons.
RevenueInitial Est.170,000180,000180,000185,000180,000187,000200,000200,000200,000200,000
Act.171,496179,598178,901168,512170,157212,314207,684190,067193,189
Difference0.9%-0.2%-0.6%-8.9%-5.5%13.5%3.8%-5.0%-3.4%
Operating profitInitial Est.3,2003,2003,5006,5007,0007,5008,8009,0009,5009,500
Act.2,8182,9516,5096,0126,59310,63710,6747,4989,112
Difference-11.9%-7.8%86.0%-7.5%-5.8%41.8%21.3%-16.7%-4.1%
Recurring profitInitial Est.3,5003,5004,0007,0007,5008,0009,0009,50010,00010,000
Act.3,1463,8098,1356,8807,43411,20411,2248,1969,817
Difference-10.1%8.8%103.4%-1.7%-0.9%40.1%24.7%-13.7%-1.8%
Net incomeInitial Est.2,0002,2002,6004,9005,0005,5006,2006,5007,0006,900
Act.1,7632,4615,3274,6983,9069,0467,5765,9016,489
Difference-11.9%11.9%104.9%-4.1%-21.9%64.5%22.2%-9.2%-7.3%
Source: Shared Research, based on company materials
Note: Figures may differ from those presented in company materials due to rounding differences.

Medium-term management plan

Phase1Phase2Phase3
Mid-term management planFY03/17FY03/18FY03/19FY03/20FY03/21FY03/22FY03/23FY03/24FY03/25FY03/26
(JPYmn) Act.Act.Act.Act.Act.Est.Mid-termMid-termMid-termMid-term
Revenue168,512170,157212,314207,684190,067200,000-220,000
YoY-5.8%1.0%24.8%-2.2%-8.5%5.2%----
Gross profit22,53825,06031,68432,11028,75431,000-36,000
YoY-1.7%11.2%26.4%1.3%-10.5%7.8%----
Gross profit margin13.4%14.7%14.9%15.5%15.1%15.5%---16.5%
Recurring profit6,8807,43411,20411,2248,19610,000-12,000
YoY-15.4%8.1%50.7%0.2%-27.0%22.0%----
Recurring profit margin4.1%4.4%5.3%5.4%4.3%5.0%---5.5%
Source: Shared Research, based on company materials
Note: Figures may differ from those presented in company materials due to rounding differences.

Mid-term management planFY03/26
Management targetsTarget
Dividend (JPY)Minimum 70.0
Payout ratioMinimum 50%
Acquisition of treasury stock ('000 shares)5,000
ROEAt least 8.0%
Growth investment (JPYmn)
About 20,000
Source: Shared Research, based on company materials
Note: Share buyback and growth investment figures are cumulative four-year totals.

Unveiled new medium-term management plan (Phase 3, four years)

Overview of new medium-term plan

On February 10, 2022, Sanki Engineering announced Phase 3, its new medium-term management plan (four-year plan starting in FY03/23). Phase 3 is the final phase of the “Century 2025” 10-year long-term vision, which the company launched in FY03/17 to mark the centenary of its founding in April 2025. Phase 1 has ended and Phase 2 is ongoing, as summarized below.

  • Phase 1: FY03/17–FY03/19 (three years): Three years of enhancing quality
  • Phase 2: FY03/20–Y03/22 (three years): Three years of enhancing trust

The new medium-term plan is Phase 3, to put the finishing touches on the Century 2025 long-term vision and defined as "four years of being the chosen company."

Final year (FY03/26) targets

Earnings targets

In Phase 3, the company will continue with the key initiatives undertaken in phases 1 and 2, while adding three new ones; Helping to make society more sustainable, accelerating work style reforms, and investing in future generations. Earnings targets for the final year (FY03/26) are as follows:

  • Revenue: JPY220.0bn (FY03/22 forecast: JPY200.0bn)
  • GPM: 16.5% (15.5%)
  • Recurring profit: JPY12.0bn (JPY10.0bn)

The company’s key focus is on an ongoing improvement in margins to underpin profit, while also aiming to increase revenue. This falls under its policies to improve quality.

Business and financial targets

In the four years of the new medium-term plan, the company set the following business and financial targets:

  • RPM of over 5.0% (FY03/22 company forecast: 5.0%)
  • Dividend payout ratio of over 50% (56.4%)
  • Dividend per share of over JPY70 (JPY70)
  • Share buybacks of around 5,000,000 shares
  • ROE of over 8.0%
  • Investment in growth of over JPY20.0bn

Of the above targets, the figures for share buybacks and investment in growth are four-year totals. The FY03/22 company forecast for the dividend payout ratio is an estimate by Shared Research based on EPS and dividend forecasts.

Ultra long-term vision: 2050 image

One major objective in putting together the medium-term plan was to develop an ultra-long-term vision of what the company might look like in 2050. The vision includes:

  • Being a company that helps create a sustainable future by bringing engineering to bear to solve social issues such as carbon neutrality and create a pleasant environment.

The company’s aim can be encapsulated in its ambition to make Sanki “the enduring company of choice.”

The company set out the following three elements of Phase 3 with a view to its ultra-long-term vision.

  • Implement sustainability management
  • Formulate sustainability policies
  • Determine materialities and key issues 

The company sees sustainability management as an approach that enables ongoing improvement in corporate value while also improving environmental and social value, so is committed to its thorough implementation.

Sanki's Carbon neutral declaration

The Sanki group is making serious efforts to address global climate change, and aims to achieve carbon neutrality for its own greenhouse gas emissions (Scope 1 and 2) by 2030, extending to those of its supply chain (Scope 1, 2, and 3) by 2050. The company prides itself on its ambitious targets, which are a step ahead of its peers.

Phase 3 policies

The company developed its medium-term plan to put the finishing touches on its Century 2025 long-term vision. It aims to become the company of choice by maturing and evolving its longstanding efforts to enhance quality and reliability, with three additional measures: contribute to the sustainability of society, accelerate work style reforms, and invest with a view to the next generation.

To enhance quality and reliability during Phase 3, the company plans to carry on with its efforts from Phases 1 and 2, while further instilling and evolving them. This involves five key elements.

  • Strengthen core businesses (started in Phase 1)
  • Roll out growth strategies (started in Phase 1)
  • Enhance Sanki brand (started in Phase 1)
  • Improve communication capabilities (started in Phase 2)
  • Disclose financial and capital management policies (started in Phase 2) 
Strengthen core businesses
Shared initiatives

The company has five shared initiatives aimed at strengthening each of its core businesses: Facilities Construction, Facility Systems, Machinery Systems, and Environmental Systems. 

  • Upgrade technology to prevent workplace accidents and problems 
  • Work with the company’s Health and Safety Cooperative Association to further occupational health & safety
  • Train human resources with the aim of acquiring unique new technologies
  • Improve workflow efficiency with new business systems
  • Roll out precise marketing activities using the latest sales force automation (SFA) systems 

The new business system concept entails a new accounting system the company is developing. As its core system, it will coordinate with a range of internal systems and databases to streamline workflows. The company plans to use this to address long working hours, a serious issue in the construction industry.

Facilities Construction
Strengthen business base
  • Build up pipeline of recurring revenue projects in growth areas such as major urban redevelopments, semiconductor manufacturing facilities, and data centers
  • Strengthen maintenance systems to win renewal projects
  • Strengthen and optimize coordination between headquarters (management divisions) and worksites to boost productivity
  • Use electronic procurement system to obtain a wide range of suppliers and reduce procurement costs by centralized purchasing
Make best use of digital and robotic technologies
  • Use Building Information Modeling (BIM: systems that produce 3D computer models of buildings used in design and construction) to improve design and construction productivity and quality
  • Enhance security of systems that share information with external parties
  • Develop technologies to enable robots to carry out various worksite tasks
Facility Systems
  • Strengthen building ICT (communication using information and communication technologies) total integration business
  • Expand on-site information and communication infrastructure business
  • Expand consulting service lineup

Major urban redevelopment projects are likely to require ICT infrastructure, so the company aims to expand and grow its business through “hard” aspects such as construction and “soft” aspects such as consulting for office buildings.

Machinery Systems
  • Tap more deeply into automation and labor-saving markets with AI, IoT, ICT, and robots
  • Expand sales of sorting systems to logistics sector
  • Commercialize predictive maintenance business using AI diagnostics

To address demographics-driven labor shortages, the company plans to develop new products that meet needs for automation and labor saving. In particular, it aims to grow earnings by expanding sales of systems targeting the logistics sector, which has good growth prospects.

Environmental Systems
  • Develop energy-creation businesses such as renewable power generation to expand sales of products that meet energy conservation needs
  • Develop life-cycle engineering (LCE: providing services through a building’s life-cycle), a recurring-revenue business

Tap into needs of the carbon neutral era and expand sales of mainstay products while developing a broad suite of products in energy creation-related business such as renewable power generation.

Roll out growth strategies 

Develop new technologies geared toward a carbon-free society and expand proposals to meet needs for energy saving and energy creation in customers’ equipment

Strengthen company's forte, industrial HVAC systems, in Japan and overseas, geared toward new and expanded manufacturing facilities amid global semiconductor shortage and spread of electric vehicles

Expand in water treatment facilities overseas (Environmental Systems business)

Pursue open innovation (collaborate with other industries, academia, and start-ups)

Use digital technologies to reform workflows and create new business opportunities

The company’s key growth strategies are the development of new technologies geared toward a carbon-free society and strengthening industrial HVAC systems. The company aims to develop carbon-free technologies to expand proposals in areas where its strengths lie, namely energy saving and energy creation.

In HVAC systems, the company plans to focus on strengthening personnel systems. In its mainstay Industrial HVAC and HVAC and Plumbing for Buildings businesses, quality worksite management as well as technological development are important. However, construction management cannot be learned in a few months of training. It generally takes a decade before a site manager is able to oversee a major project. The company has constantly trained its construction managers, and intends to step up its efforts with a view to growing industrial HVAC demand and subsequent overseas development.

Enhance Sanki brand 
  • Establish the Earth MIRAI Project to explore new technologies
  • Spend on capex to make the company carbon neutral (install solar power facilities and switch to renewables for power the company uses)
  • Strengthen SANKI YOU Eco Contribution Point system
  • Continue to support environmental conservation in Antarctica
  • Contribute to society by supporting sports and the arts
Improve communication capabilities 
  • Employ communication methods in line with the times, such as online videos and digital signage
  • Enhance communication content to cover corporate governance, news releases about technological developments, and activities that contribute to society
Disclose financial and capital management policies 

Basic policy is for stable and sustainable returns to stakeholders

  • Minimum dividend payout ratio: 50% (simplified from Phase 2 target of total return ratio) 
  • Minimum annual DPS: JPY70.0
  • Buyback of around 5.0mn shares during Phase 3 (four years)
  • Improve payment terms for business partners 
  • ROE target: At least 8.0%
  • Shared Research understands that ESG policies set out in Phase 2 have evolved to sustainability policies in Phase 3. 
New policies 

The company has adopted three new policies for Phase 3 in addition to five carried over from Phases 1 and 2. It aims to use the eight policies to achieve the targets in its long-term vision, Century 2025, in FY03/26, as well as its ultra-long-term vision.

Contribute to sustainable society
  • Develop new technologies for a carbon-free society
  • Reduce overall greenhouse gas emissions, including across supply chain (company set ambitious targets a step ahead of competitors)
  • CSR procurement considering environmental impact and human rights
  • Strengthen SANKI YOU Eco Contribution Point system
  • Formulate and employ business continuity management system (BCMS) to maintain effective business continuity planning (BCP) 
Accelerate work style reforms
  • Endeavor to make colleagues happy
  • Facilitate feelings of accomplishment, growth, self-actualization, contribution to advancement of society; respect human rights; and treat people appropriately
  • Smile Project driven by top management to continue
  • Reform personnel system around proactive promotion of young people and extension of retirement age
  • Use digital technology to boost quality and productivity and reduce working hours
  • Employ and train human resources with a view to promoting diversity
Invest with a view to the next generation

Investment areas

  • Decarbonization technologies (energy saving, energy creation, etc.)
  • Automation and labor-saving technologies (materials handling)
  • LCE business (recurring-revenue business)
  • Digital transformation (DX) 

Methodology

  • Growth investment: JPY20bn
  • Collaboration with external parties such as through open innovation
  • M&A 

With a view to the future, nurture the green shoots that will become new engineering businesses in areas with emerging societal needs 

Business portfolio strategy

The company has two major objectives: (1) expand operations in the Facility Systems and Machinery Systems businesses and (2) expand the share of revenue of the plant division (Machinery Systems and Environmental Systems) to 20%. As a result, it expects the share of revenue of its mainstay Facilities Construction business to decline from 78% in FY03/17 to 72% in FY03/26. However, this is in the context of company-wide growth (from consolidated revenue of JPY168.5bn in FY03/17 to JPY220.0bn in FY03/26), including in the Facilities Construction business.

While Facilities Construction will remain the mainstay, the company’s focus will be on expanding the other businesses. Note: Facility Systems was part of the Facilities Construction segment in FY03/21. The company has not said whether it will be disclosed as a standalone segment, but nevertheless, its expansion is definitely a priority focus during Phase 3.

Shared Research prepared the following comments focusing on Phase 2 before the company announced the new medium-term management plan in February 2022. As Phase 3 has been released, Shared Research plans to remove this information at some point, but it will remain for now to facilitate comparisons with Phase 2.

Medium-term management plan summary (Phase 2)

Sanki Engineering is now in the final year of Phase 2 (FY03/20–FY03/22) in the ten-year “Century 2025” long-term vision it launched in FY03/17. In FY03/20, the first year in Phase 2, operating profit and recurring profit reached record highs, but the impact from the COVID-19 pandemic, which erupted shortly afterward, resulted in revenue and profit declining in FY03/21. Amid some uncertainty over when the pandemic will be contained, the company for the final year in Phase 2 targets RPM of 5.0% or more, an annual DPS of JPY60.0 or more, the repurchasing of about 5.0mn shares, a total return ratio of 70% or more, and ROE of 8.0% or more. The company looks to announce Phase 3 targets, covering the final four years in the ten-year period, when it releases FY03/22 results (currently expected around May 2022).

The current medium-term management plan: Phase 2

The company’s medium-term management plan is a ten-year long-term vision launched in FY03/17 called “Century 2025.” The ten-year vision includes the following three phases:

  • Phase 1: FY03/17-FY03/19 (three years)
  • Phase 2: FY03/20-FY03/22 (three years)
  • Phase 3: FY03/23-FY03/26 (four years) 

The plan does not follow a rolling format, under which it would be updated at the beginning of each new fiscal year. Instead, the targets for the following Phase are determined at the end of the preceding Phase. In addition, since performance each year depends largely on the volume of orders the company received in the preceding year, the plans only set management targets for the final year in each Phase.

The targets for Phase 2 and FY03/22, the final year in the three years covered by Phase 2, are as follows.

  • RPM: 5.0% or more
  • DPS: JPY60.0 or more
  • Share buybacks: About 5.0mn shares
  • Total returns ratio: 70% or more
  • ROE: 8.0% or more 

Progress achieved toward meeting these targets is as follows. 

  • RPM: 4.3% (FY03/21), company target for FY03/22 is 5.0%
  • DPS: JPY80.0 (FY03/21), ordinary DPS forecast for FY03/22 is JPY70.0
  • Share buybacks: Acquired 2.958mn shares through the end of FY03/21
  • Total return ratio: 97.3% (FY03/21), company target for FY03/22 is 79.1%
  • ROE: 6.6% (FY03/21), the company has not set a target for FY03/22  

Performance targets and results for the first two years in Phase 2 (FY03/20 and FY03/21) are as follows.

FY03/20 (first year of Phase 2) targets and results (targets set in May 2019)

FY03/20 targets: revenue of JPY200.0bn, gross profit of JPY30.0bn, GPM of 15.0%, recurring profit of JPY9.0bn. RPM of 4.5%.

FY03/20 results: revenue of JPY207.6bn, gross profit of JPY32.1bn, GPM of 15.5%, recurring profit of JPY11.2bn, RPM of 5.4%.

Results exceeded the targets. Moreover, thanks to a robust level of orders carried over from FY03/19, when orders reached a record-high level, gross profit, operating profit, and recurring profit all reached record-high levels in FY03/20, with revenue reaching its second highest level on record. However, with the spread of COVID-19 from the beginning of 2020, Q4 (January–March 2020) orders declined 30% YoY, which impacted performance in FY03/21.

The Japanese government declared a state of emergency in April 2020, which was also the start of the second year of Phase 2 for the company (FY03/21), and this state of emergency resulted in a sharp slowdown in economic and production activity in Japan. Indeed, some economic and production activity came to a complete halt albeit for a limited time during this period. In light of these conditions, the company set the following targets for FY03/21.

FY03/21 (second year of Phase 2) targets and results (targets revised in November 2020)

FY03/21 targets: revenue of JPY192.0bn, gross profit of JPY29.5bn, GPM of 15.4%, recurring profit of JPY8.5bn, RPM of 4.4%.

FY03/21 results: revenue of JPY190.1bn, gross profit of JPY28.8bn, GPM of 15.1%, recurring profit of JPY8.2bn, RPM of 4.3%.  

Results fell short of the company’s downwardly revised targets. Irrespective of the pandemic, the company’s targets factored in FY03/21 being the beginning of a transition period for large-scale projects in the HVAC and Plumbing for Buildings business. Nonetheless, performance fell short of expectations, largely due to the aforementioned slowdown in large-scale projects, a greater-than-expected deterioration in small-scale maintenance and repair work due to the pandemic, as well as restrictions on sales activities. For additional information, please see the historical performance section for FY03/21 of this report.

The company plans to release details related to Phase 3 targets, covering the final four years in the “Century 2025” long-term vision, when it announces FY03/22 results. 

ESG initiatives as part of sustainable management

With the aim of creating sustainable social value, the company in its mid-term management plan has set clear ESG policies and targets for each fiscal year. Targets for FY03/21, the final year in Phase 2, are as follows.

Environment

Policy

Develop products and technologies that contribute to realizing a decarbonized society and reduce the environmental impact of the company’s business activities.

FY2021 KPIs (indicators for evaluating FY2021 results)

The company targets orders based on CO2 reduction proposals under the SANKI YOU Eco Contribution Point system accounting for 50% or more of total proposals, with the number of CO2 reduction proposals under this system reaching at least 300 per year. The company aims to reduce CO2 emissions as a result of business activity by 1.0% YoY.

Initiatives taken thus far

The company has actively promoted energy-saving and energy-creating businesses, and has won large-scale construction project orders as a result. In commemoration of the 10th anniversary of the SANKI YOU Eco Contribution Point system, the company created “Kansha no Mori” (forest of appreciation) as part of its tree-planting program.   

The company views environmental management as a key pillar in sustainable management. For additional information, please see the Environment: policies, initiatives, and specific measures section below.

Social

Policy

Sanki Engineering aims to contribute to building sustainable infrastructure by working together with local communities. The company looks to create work environments that are safe and easy to work in, while also promoting diversity to enhance its human resources.  

FY2021 KPIs (indicators for evaluating FY2021 results)

In terms of ensuring quality and improving its technical capabilities, the company targets through divisional cooperation a 5% YoY reduction in the rate of conflicts and complaints during construction. The company also aims to increase the number of projects using new technologies to reduce construction-related labor. As part of its effort to ensure occupational health and safety, the company intends to promote divisional cooperation to reduce the number of accidents by 20% YoY. In line with this goal, the company will implement disaster prevention measures as well as health and safety education programs at its subcontractors. In terms of supply chain management, the company will exchange opinions with its suppliers on the subject and promote the digitalization of operations to ensure fair and appropriate transactions. Sanki Engineering will also work to stabilize management at its partner companies. With an eye toward improving the value of its human resources and the working environment, the company will strengthen its employee feedback system and work to improve the work-life balance of its employees through the Smile Project, which focuses on reducing average overtime per employee and increasing the percentage of paid leave taken by each employee. Finally, the company looks to coexist with local communities, and in pursuit of this goal will participate in local disaster prevention activities and clean environment projects. 

Initiatives taken thus far

Sanki Engineering has advanced workstyle reforms in order to take advantage of its diverse workforce while introducing a flexible working hours system and a variety of paid leave programs for all its employees. The company further promoted workstyle reforms through the Smile Project and launched the four-group Smile Site Plan. The company also reviewed its payment terms to improve the cash flow at the subcontractors who are also its business partners.  

Governance

Policy

Reinforce the governance system

FY2021 KPIs (indicators for evaluating FY2021 results)

Sanki Engineering aims to create a corporate governance system that meets the demands of the age, with reviews conducted on an annual basis. The company will also strengthen activities to promote compliance and build a system to enhance its risk management.

Initiatives taken thus far

An outside director was appointed as the chairman of the company’s board of directors, and a third-party organization conducted interviews to evaluate the effectiveness of the board of directors. In addition, the company formed an Advisory Committee on Nominations and Remuneration composed entirely of outside directors, and made the legal department independent and under the direct control of the company president. As part of its efforts to promote compliance, the company launched an internal reporting system that is already proving effective. In terms of risk management, the company focused on addressing the credit risks of its customers and suppliers, while also bolstering its ability to respond to information security risks, overseas business risks, and disaster risks. In order to prevent the further spread of COVID-19, the company in April 2020 established a COVID-19 task force headed by the president and entrenched basic infection prevention measures. It also actively promoted telecommuting and flexible work hours. In July and August 2021, the company provided vaccinations to 1,500 individuals, including employees, their families, and affiliate company workers.  

Environment: policies, initiatives, and specific measures

Among Sanki Engineering’s ESG-related initiatives, the environment (E) carries the strongest weighting in terms of the company’s business and technological development. Moreover, one of the key social activities of focus for the company involves ecology and the conservation of the environment. As a member of society, the company considers environmental concerns to be among its most important management issues. To that extent, the company has set two missions.

Mission one: protect the global environment using the company’s advanced technological capabilities

In line with this mission, the company focuses on the development and introduction of energy-saving and energy-creating technologies, a key area of strength for Sanki Engineering, so as to better capture energy, more efficiently use energy, and enable the reuse of resources.

Mission two: minimize the environmental impact from the company’s business activities

In line with this mission, the company aims to minimize its consumption of energy and resources, promote recycling and waste reduction, and provide environmental education to its employees.

With the goal of fulfilling these two missions, the company is actively promoting environmental management. It is also actively working to protect working environments, local environments, and the global environment.  

Policy

Develop products and technologies that contribute to realizing a decarbonized society and reduce the environmental impact of the company’s business activities.

Initiatives

The company is contributing to decarbonization, energy conservation, and energy creation through the development of products and technologies, and will maintain the SANKI YOU Eco Contribution Point system that has now been in effect for ten years. The company will also work to reduce the environmental impact of its business activities.   

Contributing through products and technologies

Contributing through the development of products and technologies is one of the key points in the company’s environmental management efforts. In particular, the development of these products and technologies in the company’s various businesses offers the potential for customers to save and create energy, and to reduce CO2 emissions. Moreover, through its LCE business, the company can help to reduce the life cycle costs of its customers and contribute to the creation of a decarbonized and sustainable society. 

LCE business: LCE is an abbreviation for Life Cycle Engineering and is a business concept created aimed at providing new construction, management, maintenance, renewal, and reconstruction services throughout a building’s lifecycle. 

The company has about 460 registered patents for technologies it has developed, and is able to provide its customers with unique technologies and services based on those patents. 

Examples of the company’s energy-saving and energy-creating technologies

As it promotes environmental management, the company is focusing in particular on the development of technologies related to energy conservation and energy creation. The following are some examples of the proprietary energy-saving and energy-creating technologies created over the last few years, although this does not represent the full list of such technologies. 

Woody biomass gasification plants

This facility uses wood chips as a raw material to achieve gasification and then generates electricity using a gas engine. It also uses wood chips as a fuel source for a steam turbine. The facility has been working since 2017. According to data from the company and the Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry (METI), the share of renewable energy in Japan’s power supply mix is expected to grow from 11% in FY2013 to 24% in FY2030. Within the renewable energy group, power generated from biomass is expected to almost triple, with the expected expansion second only to that for solar power. The company intends to aggressively market its woody biomass gasification plant moving forward.

Trans-heat containers

Trans-heat containers are used as part of a heat delivery service that stores low-temperature heat in a tank and transports it by vehicle (truck) to the destination. It involves taking waste heat from factories and incineration facilities and storing it using heated latent heat storage materials, and then delivering it via special containers by car (truck) to facilities that need the heat. The offline heat delivery service can deliver heat up to 30 kilometers away, enabling the use of energy that might otherwise be wasted and the reduction of CO2 emissions. 

AEROWING

AEROWING products are energy-saving diffusers (devices that turn compressed air into bubbles and send them into the water) with improved oxygen transfer efficiency, and are used in water and sewage systems. The microbubbles reduce air and power consumption, and the product itself has already shown strong level of durability, with a longer service life than conventional products. The company has already introduced the upgraded AEROWING II, offering a favorable contribution to the Environmental Systems business that uses the product.

Periloop

Periloop is an air-conditioning system for large spaces such as factories and gymnasiums. It saves energy by forming temperature stratification layers when cooling during summer. When heating during winter, it suppresses cold air to achieve heating near the ground. It is already being used by major automobile manufacturers. One of the key features is that during cooling operations in summer, only the lower-level space is cooled (the upper space circulates hot air), which can result in energy savings of up to 40%.   

SANKI YOU Eco Contribution Point system

Sanki Engineering launched the SANKI YOU Eco Contribution Point system ten years ago to contribute, alongside its customers, to the realization of a sustainable society and the prevention of global warming. Under the system, the company makes energy-saving proposals to its customers using equipment that contributes to reduced CO2 emissions. If those proposals are accepted, the amount of the achieved emissions reduction is converted to Eco Contribution Points (each metric ton (MT) reduction equating to JPY100), which are then committed to activities aimed at preserving the environment. The cumulative amount of CO2 reductions by customers in the SANKI YOU Eco Contribution Point system through the end of FY03/21 was 231,000MT (including a reduction in FY03/21 of about 45,000MT), with the cumulative amount of point donations at that time exceeding JPY20mn and the number of trees planted reaching about 18,000. The SANKI YOU Eco Contribution Point system has become symbolic of the company’s environmental management efforts.   

Reducing the environmental impact from business activities

Sanki Engineering calculates and manages CO2 emissions stemming from its business activities, including at the headquarters, offices, and construction sites, as well as in the Real Estate business as part of its effort to reduce those emissions. The company’s medium-term management plan targets non-consolidated emissions reductions of 1% YoY. However, the company’s energy use in FY2019 actually increased 10% YoY on the launch of the new R&D center and an expansion in business. As such, reducing CO2 emissions in line with its stated targets will not be an easily achieved. That said, even under current circumstances the company is working to reduce energy usage through the introduction of several energy-saving systems featuring proprietary technologies. The company is also focused on the comprehensive management of industrial waste, largely generated at construction sites (in particular, sites where the company is the prime contractor) so as to get a better idea of actual conditions. Finally, the company is appropriately treating industrial water and has achieved a stable recycling rate of about 98% (excluding waste treated at final landfill sites).   

Establishment of a Sustainability Committee and agreement with the TCFD recommendations

Sanki Engineering in November 2021 announced the establishment of a Sustainability Committee, chaired by the president. The committee is one of the company's new strategic committees charged with accelerating the group's efforts to contribute to the realization of a sustainable society. 

In addition to contributing to the realization of a decarbonized society, the new committee will decide on important issues to help the company achieve sustainability management, including in regard to further promoting diversity, respecting human rights, and contributing to the building of resilient cities. The company also aims to actively promote measures aimed at improving corporate value as well as environmental and social value. The company's efforts in energy conservation and energy creation under the theme of decarbonization are tied directly to the core business of the group, which is focused on the development of comprehensive engineering services. Moving forward, the company plans to continue its group-wide promotional activities through the Sustainability Promotion Department, which is composed of key personnel from each division. Finally, with the aim of contributing to a carbon-neutral and sustainable society, the company will promote the disclosure of information and specific initiatives, including in regard to medium- to long-term policies and the identification of materiality.

Acknowledging the importance of addressing climate change, the company has expressed its support for the recommendations put forth by the Task Force on Climate-related Financial Disclosure (TCFD). Management targets the disclosure of information on the four key themes in organizational management recommended by the TCFD, namely governance, strategy, risk management, and metrics and targets, by June 2022. 

Business

Business model overview

Summary

Sanki Engineering operates mainly in the field of contracted HVAC (heating, ventilation, and air conditioning) and plumbing construction work for office buildings and manufacturing facilities. The company does not manufacture HVAC equipment; instead, it handles construction process design and manages contracted HVAC construction work. The company was founded in 1925 as a spinoff from former machinery department of Mitsui & Co., Ltd. In FY03/21, the company recorded revenue of JPY190.1bn, with the Facilities Construction business accounting for 81.8% of this. Within the Facilities Construction business, contract work in HVAC and plumbing systems accounted for 62.8% of the segment revenue, with electrical systems (construction and installation of lighting equipment and substation equipment) facility systems (office building integration and relocation design work) together accounting for 19.0%. The Machinery Systems business (manufacture of conveyors and logistics systems) accounted for 4.7% of total revenue, with the Environmental Systems business (development of water and waste treatment equipment and systems) accounting for 12.4%, and the Real Estate business accounting for 1.7%. Of the JPY28.8bn in gross profit reported in FY03/21, the Facilities Construction business accounted for 80.9%, the Machinery Systems business 5.4%, the Environmental Systems business 11.0%, and the Real Estate business 3.4%. The overseas business recorded orders of JPY2.8bn and accounted for less than 2% of total revenue.

Facilities Construction business

FY03/12FY03/13FY03/14FY03/15FY03/16FY03/17FY03/18FY03/19FY03/20FY03/21
(JPYmn)Act.Act.Act.Act.Act.Act.Act.Act.Act.Act.
Facilities Construction
Orders134,877136,142143,837150,030152,431146,612153,441182,531157,657156,767
YoYN.A.0.9%5.7%4.3%1.6%-3.8%4.7%19.0%-13.6%-0.6%
HVAC and Plumbing for Buildings(64,341)(68,476)(74,921)(70,778)(66,172)(65,763)(62,274)(65,639)(62,095)(65,371)
Industrial HVAC(44,945)(39,828)(39,870)(46,765)(52,522)(49,823)(58,907)(82,729)(58,391)(59,234)
Electrical Systems(18,244)(19,103)(19,328)(23,215)(22,667)(21,576)(22,675)(23,342)(25,000)(21,472)
Other(7,347)(8,735)(9,718)(9,272)(11,070)(9,450)(9,585)(10,821)(12,171)(10,690)
Revenue115,019128,626143,697151,167149,950141,566139,686179,298171,500155,499
YoY-2.2%11.8%11.7%5.2%-0.8%-5.6%-1.3%28.4%-4.3%-9.3%
Gross profitN.A.N.A.N.A.N.A.N.A.N.A.19,12125,58925,78023,253
YoY-----------------------------------33.8%0.7%-9.8%
Gross profit margin------------------------------13.7%14.3%15.0%15.0%
Segment profit-5611,1963,2602,9437,6986,4046,0109,9059,8937,677
YoYN.A.N.A.172.6%-9.7%161.6%-16.8%-6.2%64.8%-0.1%-22.4%
Segment profit margin-0.5%0.9%2.3%1.9%5.1%4.5%4.3%5.5%5.8%4.9%
Capital expendituresN.A.N.A.N.A.N.A.N.A.N.A.N.A.N.A.N.A.N.A.
Depreciation396377347322330330389754919955
No. of employees1,5621,5261,5161,5241,5691,6001,6071,6601,7431,781
Revenue per employee (JPY'000)73,14483,30794,47599,45296,96189,34487,113109,763100,79388,251
Profit per employee (JPY'000)-3577752,1431,9364,9784,0423,7486,0645,8144,357
Notes: Gross profit was disclosed only from FY03/18; there is no available gross profit data before that point.
Segment profit (profit before consolidated adjustments) is tied to recurring profit on the company’s balance sheet. 

Business outline

The Facilities Construction business accounted for 81.8% of total revenue in FY03/21 and includes the HVAC and Plumbing for Buildings business (35.6% of FY03/21 segment revenue), the industrial HVAC business (41.3%), the electrical systems business (16.0%), and the facility systems business (7.1%). The HVAC and Plumbing for Buildings business focuses on office and general-use buildings, while the industrial HVAC business centers on corporate work associated with production, including for manufacturing facilities, laboratories, and cleanrooms. The electrical systems business mainly involves lighting and power supply work for office buildings and factories, while the facility systems business centers mainly on network solutions services as well as office relocation-related project management and consulting services.

FY03/21 revenue and revenue weightings by customer sector

The Facilities Construction business recorded FY03/21 revenue of JPY155.5bn (-9.3% YoY), including JPY137.6bn from the private sector (88.5% of segment revenue), JPY15.2bn from the public sector (9.8%), and JPY2.7bn from others (1.8%). Within the private sector, revenue was JPY69.0bn (44.3% of total revenue) from the manufacturing sector and JPY68.6bn (44.1%) from the non-manufacturing sector. Among manufacturers, the top three client sectors were electrical machinery (17.3% of revenue), automobiles (10.7%), and chemicals (5.3%). Among non-manufacturers, the top three client sectors were finance/insurance (14.4% of revenue), services and others (8.6%), and real estate (6.7%).

In terms of types of buildings and applications, office buildings, manufacturing facilities, and research facilities make up the majority of the company’s work. Of the JPY156.8bn in orders received by the Facilities Construction business in FY03/21, more than two-thirds came from these three sources, including JPY45.6bn for office buildings (29.1% of orders), JPY45.3bn for manufacturing facilities (28.9%), and JPY15.3bn for research facilities (9.8%). Public-sector orders were JPY16.7bn (10.6% of orders).

The orders process: from new orders to the booking of revenue

Orders received in the Facilities Construction business, focused mainly on HVAC and plumbing work, are broken down into two categories, new construction orders (JPY86.0bn in FY03/21, 44.0% of total orders) and renewal construction orders (JPY109.6bn, 56.0%). These ratios have remained generally stable from year to year. New construction orders are secured through a bidding process, with orders acquired through restricted bidding (only companies nominated by the client can participate in the bidding procedure) accounting for about 51.6% and those acquired through open bidding accounting for about 48.4%. Compared to other companies in the sector, Sanki Engineering has a high proportion of orders secured through restricted bidding. In renewal construction orders, which will be discussed later in this report, the company tends to receive more direct orders (direct requests from clients, not through general contractors) than indirect orders (orders received through general contractors).

Restricted bidding: Construction order bids consist of restricted bids and open bids. The restricted bidding system allows only companies nominated by the client to bid. Under this method, the client needs to conduct sufficient research on technological strengths and past performance in order to select a reliable construction company or operator. Since the reasons for the client’s selection will be made public, and in detail, each company competing for the order needs to ensure the strength of its technological expertise and delivery record. On the other hand, open bidding allows any number of companies to submit bids, as long as they meet the stated requirements. As a general rule, public works projects ordered by the national and local governments must be secured through open bidding. Profit margins on restricted bidding projects tend to be higher than those on open bidding projects as contract values for the former in many cases are higher due to the strict requirements of the ordering party. Restricted bidding may not be limited to only one company. In some cases, multiple construction companies may be selected to bid for the project.

About 60% of new orders are booked under the percentage-of-completion method, while small-scale maintenance and repair work that does not exceed construction periods and relatively low-value projects (generally around JPY10.0mn) are booked under the completed-contract method. Roughly 40% of orders received have construction periods lasting less than one year (orders and revenue booked in the same fiscal year). While the company does not disclose the ratio of maintenance and repair work to the revenue of Facilities Construction business, Shared Research believes it to be around 10%.

Renewal construction orders

More than half of construction projects delivered by the company lead to subsequent renewal construction orders. In FY03/21, renewal construction orders accounted for about 56% of total orders. The cycle for renewal construction orders is generally ten to 15 years, and for some small-scale projects less than ten years. This reflects the fact that the legal useful lifespan of heating and cooling equipment within buildings is 13 to 15 years. The truth, however, is that the equipment is rarely used beyond its legal useful lifespan, and while the cycle may be more than 10 years, the company can almost certainly expect to receive renewal construction orders within this period.

To add to this, orders for all-encompassing large-scale renewal construction generally come every thirty to forty years. This renewal construction work involves rebuilding from the design stage (referred to as skeleton work), and centers on the physical lifespan of pipes and air ducts that deteriorate over time. It has little to do with the useful lifespan of the buildings and other structures themselves. Including these types of renewal construction orders, the value per construction project ranges from several million yen to several billion yen, though more than a quarter of total orders are for projects of JPY1.0bn or more. While the total amount of orders received varies significantly from year to year, the overall trend is toward larger orders, i.e., those valued at JPY1.0bn or more.

It is extremely rare for renewal construction orders to be placed not with the original company, but with other companies operating in the same business. This is because the job involves far more than the simple replacement of HVAC equipment, as HVAC facilities work involves not only the actual equipment installation, but also plumbing work, and in some cases electrical work. In construction works by other companies, the methods used by the original company, including in design, may in many cases be unclear. New methods may be used in renewal construction projects where the original construction was by a different company, but costs to the client may be higher. For more information on HVAC facilities construction, please see the Market and Value Chain section later in this report.

Cost structure

On a FY03/21 non-consolidated basis, outsourcing costs accounted for 53.4% of completed construction costs, i.e., contractor construction costs, with material costs accounting for 27.0%, and other costs accounting for 19.6% (including personnel costs, which accounted for 8.7%). Material costs include purchased HVAC, machinery, and piping costs. Outsourcing costs, which accounted for the largest share of completed construction costs, include subcontractor order costs (mainly personnel costs ), but also in some cases costs associated with HVAC equipment purchased by subcontractors. The cost structure ratios have not varied significantly and gross profit at the company often fluctuates based on outsourcing costs incurred. In the past, the company was forced to pursue low-priced orders, which led to operating losses in FY03/07–FY03/08, but it now rarely has any unprofitable projects.

The advantage of having an electrical systems business within the Facilities Construction business

The electrical systems business accounted for 16.0% of revenue in the Facilities Construction business in FY03/21 and plays a key role in the company’s HVAC and plumbing-related work. Since the qualifications required for electrical systems work are different from those required for HVAC and plumbing work, so too are the engineers working in these fields. For this and other reasons, some industry peers have elected to outsource electrical systems operations rather than maintaining an in-house business. However, with the growing sophistication of electrical systems, HVAC, plumbing, and electrical systems have become increasingly intertwined and orders encompassing all three are no longer uncommon. This is especially true for industrial HVAC equipment, where electricity usage is indeed substantial, and having an electrical systems business gives the company the advantage of being able to produce synergies with the HVAC and plumbing work. In addition, data center work, where the scale of projects has been increasing, is almost entirely electrical systems work, and having an electrical systems business can often lead to the company also receiving HVAC and plumbing project orders from these same clients. As such, having an electrical systems business can lead to an expansion in business opportunities.

Facility systems business

The facility systems business (7.1% of Facilities Construction business revenue in FY03/21) centers mainly on network solutions services as well as office relocation-related project management and consulting services. There is a growing trend of reexamining ways to improve office productivity, especially with telecommuting becoming increasingly common and the financial and other sectors reducing the number of offices in operation.

For additional information on profitability in the Facilities Construction business, in which the HVAC and plumbing business is a part, please see the Profitability analysis section later in this report.

Machinery Systems business

FY03/12FY03/13FY03/14FY03/15FY03/16FY03/17FY03/18FY03/19FY03/20FY03/21
(JPYmn)Act.Act.Act.Act.Act.Act.Act.Act.Act.Act.
Machinery Systems
Orders9,36110,8178,4825,71610,3098,13012,10012,04910,3517,858
YoYN.A.15.6%-21.6%-32.6%80.4%-21.1%48.8%-0.4%-14.1%-24.1%
Revenue10,8236,5019,8469,9539,2178,1929,25411,79111,1698,973
YoY14.1%-39.9%51.5%1.1%-7.4%-11.1%13.0%27.4%-5.3%-19.7%
Gross profitN.A.N.A.N.A.N.A.N.A.N.A.1,7492,1362,3161,556
YoY-----------------------------------22.1%8.4%-32.8%
Gross profit margin------------------------------18.9%18.1%20.7%17.3%
Segment profit-187-1,119-287105275-138-40238320-393
YoYN.A.N.A.N.A.N.A.161.9%N.A.N.A.N.A.34.5%N.A.
Segment profit margin-1.7%-17.2%-2.9%1.1%3.0%-1.7%-0.4%2.0%2.9%-4.4%
Capital expendituresN.A.N.A.N.A.N.A.N.A.N.A.N.A.N.A.N.A.N.A.
Depreciation10374605152333996228262
No. of employees183174171164154149150153166172
Revenue per employee (JPY'000)58,82136,42057,07859,42157,96954,07361,90077,82870,02553,095
Profit per employee (JPY'000)-1,016-6,269-1,6646271,730-911-2681,5712,006-2,325
Source: Shared Research, based on company materials
*Gross profit was disclosed only from FY03/18; there is no available gross profit data before that point.
*Segment profit (profit before consolidated adjustments) is tied to recurring profit on the company’s balance sheet. 

Business outline

The Machinery Systems business is focused mainly on the manufacture and sales of systems for conveyance and material handling. The company manufactures and sells a variety of conveyors, though this is the only manufacturing business in its portfolio. Revenue can vary from year to year, but generally remains within the JPY8.0bn–JPY12.0bn range. The business has produced segment losses in six of the last ten years.

Details of the business

The types of products that the company deals with in the business include FA systems, clean conveyance systems, material handling systems, airport baggage and cargo handling systems, and information control systems. FA systems and clean conveyance systems improve the efficiency of manufacturing processes at production sites. In the field of cleanroom conveyance technology, an area of expertise for the company in its HVAC installation operations, the business provides optimal conveyance systems emphasizing improved efficiency and a high level of cleanliness. In material handling systems, the company specializes in publishing-related products, and also boasts a strong brand in computer center-related material handling systems. The company has supplied a number of fast, safe, and reliable airport baggage and cargo handling systems to major airports.

Lightweight conveyors, including curved belt conveyors, are the only products that the company manufactures itself. These products accounted for roughly half of the JPY9.0bn in revenue in the Machinery Systems business in FY03/21, and this ratio has generally remained stable. While conveyors are sold through catalogs, the company is working to strengthen its sales system to promote sales based on the specific needs of the regional markets in which the products are sold. The company launched operations at the new conveyor plant in September 2019, creating a system that not only improves productivity but also reduces costs.

Market environment and outlook

The company does not view the market environment in which the Machinery Systems business operates as difficult, noting in particular an expansion in capital investment in logistics facilities amid the growing need for automation and reduced labor as the working population in Japan declines. With the goal of strengthening the Machinery Systems business moving forward, management is focused on expanding sales and sales channels for its hybrid equipment, which combines purchased robotics with its own conveyors.

With customers being impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic, conveyor sales took a hit in FY03/21, but now appear to be on a recovery track. Moreover, there is a growing need for fully automated systems that go one step beyond systems that merely reduce labor, which appears a promising development for the company. That being said, price competition is getting increasingly severe with each passing year as many manufacturers, including major manufacturers, enter the market. Finally, given the aforementioned cost burden of depreciation and other expenses associated with the launch of the new plant, the company expects that earnings in the business will be somewhat constrained for at least a little while longer.

Environmental Systems business

FY03/12FY03/13FY03/14FY03/15FY03/16FY03/17FY03/18FY03/19FY03/20FY03/21
(JPYmn)Act.Act.Act.Act.Act.Act.Act.Act.Act.Act.
Environmental Systems
Orders28,83316,62315,02916,76719,61030,62624,24721,70524,24728,710
YoYN.A.-42.3%-9.6%11.6%17.0%56.2%-20.8%-10.5%11.7%18.4%
Revenue19,82517,14517,16917,48518,73418,27119,90920,47123,26123,560
YoY-4.3%-13.5%0.1%1.8%7.1%-2.5%9.0%2.8%13.6%1.3%
Gross profitN.A.N.A.N.A.N.A.N.A.N.A.3,6663,6223,3143,176
YoY------------------------------------1.2%-8.5%-4.2%
Gross profit margin------------------------------18.4%17.7%14.2%13.5%
Segment profit879689-2324-3156715753122020
YoY-10.7%-21.6%N.A.N.A.N.A.N.A.-14.3%-45.7%-93.6%0.0%
Segment profit margin4.4%4.0%-0.1%0.1%-1.7%3.7%2.9%1.5%0.1%